In Term 3, we learned about Optics(Lens and Colors), Physics as we are unable to finish it in term 2 and also Biology(Ecology and Sexual Reproduction System). We managed to complete Ecology but we are unable to complete Sexual Reproduction System.
Lens
- There are 2 types and lens, concave and convex lens
- We learned how to draw the light rays entering from different angles and distance.
Colors
- There are a total seven bands of colours in a ray of white light
- The seven bands of colours are known as the visible spectrum
- Each color in the spectrum has a different wavelength
-The process of the seperation of white light to the seven bands of light is known as dispersion
Ecology
- Habitat is a place where organism live in
- Population is a group of organism of the same species living in a particular habitat
- Community is a place where all populations of organisms living and interacting with one another in a particular habitat
- Ecosystem is a community and its abiotic factors
Abiotic Factors
- Tempertaure
- Ph
- Oxygen Content
- Humidity
- Amount of water
- Wave Action
- Wind Speed
- Light Intensity
- Salinity
- Type of substratum
Biotic Factors
- Mutualism
- Commensalism
- Exploitative Relationship (Predation, Paratism, Herbivory)
- Competition
- Ammensalism
We also learned about:
- Feeding relationship
- Conservation
- Effects of selective addition/removal of species
- Carbon Cycle (refer to earlier blog post)
Sexual Reproduction
- is the biological process of forming a new individual through the fusion of two cells known a gametes
Puberty
- a process which every human beings go through at a certain age
- after this process, one will be able to reproduce
- one will mature
Puberty of Boys
- males might experience growth of hair on the face, underarm, chest, abdominal and pubic area, broadening of chest and shoulders, enlargement of penis, depening of voice, increase in height and muscle and getting pimples or acne
Puberty of Girls
- females might experience growth of underarn and pubic hair, broadening of hips, enlargement of breast and getting pimples
We also learn about:
- Menstrual Cycle
- Sexually Transmitted Diseases
MY REFLECTION FOR TERM 3
In this term, the topic being taught was fairly easy, especially for Ecology as I had gone to sabbatical for it. For lens, we just have to memorize the formulas and for Sexual Reproduction we just have to memorize. It seem that this term is a term for memorizing. The topics this term do not have much to think about as it was all formulas and definition or facts. I was not required to learn Sexual Reproduction System for the test as there was not enough time to teach before the test. I feel that Ecology is very educational as students learn to conserve their environment.
Hi Readers, this is my Science E portfolio that I am required to do. Hope you love it!!! :)
Showing posts with label Issues in teaching and Learning Science. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Issues in teaching and Learning Science. Show all posts
Issues in teaching and Learning Science (Term 2)
In Term 2, we learnt about Acids and Bases, Chemistry and Optics(Reflection and Reflection), Physics.
Acids and Bases
Acids
- An acid is a substance which produces hydrogen ions as the only positive ions when it is dissolved in water.
- The strength of an acid depends on its degree of dissociation/ionization in water to form hydrogen ions.
- A strong acid is one that ionizes/dissociates in water to produce hydrogen ions. There are no molecules left. The solution contains a high concentration of ions, which cause it to be a good conductor of electricity.
- A weak acid is one that ionizes/dissociates incompletely in water to produce few hydrogen ions. Most of the acids molecules remain as molecules. The solution contains a low concentration of ions, causing it to be a poor conductor of electricity.
- Acids have a sour taste
- contains hydrogen ions
- react with metal, carbonates and base
Reactions of Acids
1. Acid + Metal----> Salt + Hydrogen
2. Acid + Carbonate----> Salt + Carbon Dioxide + Water
3. Acid + Base----> Salt + Water
Bases and Alkalies
- Bases are the oxides or hydroxides of metals that reacts with an acid to form a salt and water only.
- An alkali is a metal hydroxides which is soluble in water and produces hydroxide ions in water
- All alkalies are bases but not all bases are alkalies
- The strength of an alkali depends on its degree of dissociation/ionization in water to form hydroxide ions. The properties of alkalies are due to the hydroxides ions.
- A strong alkali is one that ionizes/dissociates in water to produce hydroxide ions. There are no molecules left. The common strong alkalies are sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxides.
- A weak alkali is one that ionizes/dissociates incompletely in water to produce few hydroxide ions. Most of the acids molecules remain as molecules.
- Alkalies have a soapy feel and a bitter taste
- Bases react with acids to for salt and water.
Reflection
- When light hits a mirror at a certain angle, that angle is known as the angle of incidence
- When light is reflected at a certain angle, it is known as the angle of reflection
Refraction
- Occurs when light travels through the medium
- Light is bend towards the normal, when it travels out of the medium, it will go back to its original angle
- The denser the medium, the more the light ray bend
MY REFLECTION FOR TERM 2
This topic was quite easy to understand. The only difficulty I faced was on Refraction. This topic requires lots of memorizing especially on the Acid and Bases parts. The worst was drawing as it required a lot of time and every ray must be accurate.
Acids and Bases
Acids
- An acid is a substance which produces hydrogen ions as the only positive ions when it is dissolved in water.
- The strength of an acid depends on its degree of dissociation/ionization in water to form hydrogen ions.
- A strong acid is one that ionizes/dissociates in water to produce hydrogen ions. There are no molecules left. The solution contains a high concentration of ions, which cause it to be a good conductor of electricity.
- A weak acid is one that ionizes/dissociates incompletely in water to produce few hydrogen ions. Most of the acids molecules remain as molecules. The solution contains a low concentration of ions, causing it to be a poor conductor of electricity.
- Acids have a sour taste
- contains hydrogen ions
- react with metal, carbonates and base
Reactions of Acids
1. Acid + Metal----> Salt + Hydrogen
2. Acid + Carbonate----> Salt + Carbon Dioxide + Water
3. Acid + Base----> Salt + Water
Bases and Alkalies
- Bases are the oxides or hydroxides of metals that reacts with an acid to form a salt and water only.
- An alkali is a metal hydroxides which is soluble in water and produces hydroxide ions in water
- All alkalies are bases but not all bases are alkalies
- The strength of an alkali depends on its degree of dissociation/ionization in water to form hydroxide ions. The properties of alkalies are due to the hydroxides ions.
- A strong alkali is one that ionizes/dissociates in water to produce hydroxide ions. There are no molecules left. The common strong alkalies are sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxides.
- A weak alkali is one that ionizes/dissociates incompletely in water to produce few hydroxide ions. Most of the acids molecules remain as molecules.
- Alkalies have a soapy feel and a bitter taste
- Bases react with acids to for salt and water.
Reflection
- When light hits a mirror at a certain angle, that angle is known as the angle of incidence
- When light is reflected at a certain angle, it is known as the angle of reflection
Refraction
- Occurs when light travels through the medium
- Light is bend towards the normal, when it travels out of the medium, it will go back to its original angle
- The denser the medium, the more the light ray bend
MY REFLECTION FOR TERM 2
This topic was quite easy to understand. The only difficulty I faced was on Refraction. This topic requires lots of memorizing especially on the Acid and Bases parts. The worst was drawing as it required a lot of time and every ray must be accurate.
Issues in teaching and Learning Science (Term 1)
In Term 1, we mainly covered on chemistry. We learnt about the periodic table, atomic structure, the two types of bonding and equation writing.
Periodic Table
In term 1, I learned how to read the periodic Table. In fact, it was easy, the hard part is to memorize the whole table.
- The elements in the periodic table are arranged in ascending of their atomic numbers.
- The elements are arranged in groups and periods. Groups are vertical while periods are horizontal. Elements in the same group have similar properties. When you move across elements in the samePeriod, you will see that the properties of these element will slowly change from metallic to non-metallic.
- Each element have its own atomic and mass numbers, in a periodic table.
Atomic Structure
After learning to read the periodic table, we were taught about Atomic Structure. We learned the following:
- Mass number is number of proton + the number of neutrons
- When we are drawing an atomic structure, we have to write the number of proton and the number of electron in the middle of the structure. We have to draw circles to represent the shells of an atom, the number of circles depends on how many shells the atom have. Dots will represent electrons.
- The first shell only consist of 2 electrons, second shell can have only 8 electrons , third shell can have only 8 electrons.
- When drawing if the atom is a cation, we bracket the structure and draw a plus sign at the top right hand corner outside of the bracket. For anion, it is the same except using the plus sign, we use the minus sign.
The 2 bondings
Next, we learned about the 2 types of bondinsg the occur in atoms. The following explains the 2 bondings, Ionic Bonding and Covalent Bonding.
Ionic Bonding
- Ionic bonds are formed between a cation, which is usually a metal, and an anion, which is usually a nonmetal.
- In ionic bonding, the atoms of one element will lose one or more electrons and becomes a cation and the atoms of the other element will gain the electrons from the other element and become an anion.
Covalent Bonding
- Covelent bond is a bond formed by sharing of a pair of electron between atoms of non-metals.
Equation Writing
Next, we learn how to write an equation. We learn how to write a
- Word Equation
- Chemical Equation
- To make a balanced equation, we have to make sure that the positive and negative charges of the element add up and equals to the charge of the result.
MY REFLECTIONS FOR TERM 1
In this topic, I had faced numerous difficulties and obstacles as I did not understand some parts. In this topic, the greatest problem I faced is to write a word and chemical equation. Later, I realized that to write a word equation, we must read and memorize the numerous formulas, and maybe sometimes guess. For Chemical Equation, I finally understood how it works, with the help of my Science Teacher, Miss Lim and friend, Bram. They were kind and patience in teaching me. Thanks to them I finally understood. The rest was okay, however for periodic table, it was hell to memorize it.
Source of Pic: http://www.ptable.com/
Periodic Table
In term 1, I learned how to read the periodic Table. In fact, it was easy, the hard part is to memorize the whole table.
- The elements in the periodic table are arranged in ascending of their atomic numbers.
- The elements are arranged in groups and periods. Groups are vertical while periods are horizontal. Elements in the same group have similar properties. When you move across elements in the samePeriod, you will see that the properties of these element will slowly change from metallic to non-metallic.
- Each element have its own atomic and mass numbers, in a periodic table.
Atomic Structure
After learning to read the periodic table, we were taught about Atomic Structure. We learned the following:
- Mass number is number of proton + the number of neutrons
- When we are drawing an atomic structure, we have to write the number of proton and the number of electron in the middle of the structure. We have to draw circles to represent the shells of an atom, the number of circles depends on how many shells the atom have. Dots will represent electrons.
- The first shell only consist of 2 electrons, second shell can have only 8 electrons , third shell can have only 8 electrons.
- When drawing if the atom is a cation, we bracket the structure and draw a plus sign at the top right hand corner outside of the bracket. For anion, it is the same except using the plus sign, we use the minus sign.
The 2 bondings
Next, we learned about the 2 types of bondinsg the occur in atoms. The following explains the 2 bondings, Ionic Bonding and Covalent Bonding.
Ionic Bonding
- Ionic bonds are formed between a cation, which is usually a metal, and an anion, which is usually a nonmetal.
- In ionic bonding, the atoms of one element will lose one or more electrons and becomes a cation and the atoms of the other element will gain the electrons from the other element and become an anion.
Covalent Bonding
- Covelent bond is a bond formed by sharing of a pair of electron between atoms of non-metals.
Equation Writing
Next, we learn how to write an equation. We learn how to write a
- Word Equation
- Chemical Equation
- To make a balanced equation, we have to make sure that the positive and negative charges of the element add up and equals to the charge of the result.
MY REFLECTIONS FOR TERM 1
In this topic, I had faced numerous difficulties and obstacles as I did not understand some parts. In this topic, the greatest problem I faced is to write a word and chemical equation. Later, I realized that to write a word equation, we must read and memorize the numerous formulas, and maybe sometimes guess. For Chemical Equation, I finally understood how it works, with the help of my Science Teacher, Miss Lim and friend, Bram. They were kind and patience in teaching me. Thanks to them I finally understood. The rest was okay, however for periodic table, it was hell to memorize it.
Source of Pic: http://www.ptable.com/
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